Which of the following is exempt from the two-times climb/descend/reroute limit?

• A. Pilot requests
• B. Weather avoidance
• C. Instructors orders
• D. ATC discretion

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that the two-times climb/descend/reroute limit applies to changes initiated by the controller to manage traffic flow. Changes initiated by the flight crew themselves fall outside that constraint, so pilot-initiated requests are exempt. When a pilot asks for a climb, descent, or reroute, it reflects the pilot’s authority to manage the flight path for safety or efficiency, and ATC accommodates those requests as long as they remain feasible within overall safety and separation. Weather avoidance, instructor orders, and ATC-driven decisions are driven by external factors or authority and are treated like routine path changes that must still fit within the flow constraints, so they’re not exempt.